Problem+Solving

__Definition:__
There are two types of problem solving question styles. The first is called closed ended questioning. This style is seeking a specific predetermined answer. Usually the process or algorithm is mandated. These types of questions are formally structured and seeking a restricted response. The end product, or answer, is the goal. When it is found, the learning process stops.

The second, and preferable, type of problem solving is called open ended question. Open ended questions offer many avenues for learning and exploration. Value is given to multiple interpretations or possible answers. Creative expression and messy learning is encouraged. There is value in the process of acquiring the knowledge. The answer is not the most important part of the learning journey. The questions are loosely structured and open to interpretation. The activation of prior knowledge engages the students’ practical life application. This inspires students to participate while also building self esteem. Open ended questioning fosters group discussions, inferencing, and accessing prior knowledge.

__Purpose__
Problem solving software facilitates a constructivist philosophy of education. These tools empower students to become active participants in their learning journey. This type of software inspires an inquiry focus, which teachers can use to facilitate investigations and guided discovery models. When students focus on a problem and understand the value to the journey, learning can be fun.

__Advantages__
Student self esteem building Real world application Open to student interests High student interest

__Disadvantages__
Non traditional approach Teachers must build alternative assessment methods, such as rubrics Good classroom management is needed On task behavior must be managed for productive group work Long term projects do not produce immediate results



__Software Examples__ 1. History Mystery is a interactive sight that can be utilized in a variety of social studies and science themed units. The topics range from government and politics, to exploration, space, presidental facts, world civilizations, and national parks. Students are led on a researching adventure, as they are presented with questions and methods of cooperative research posibilities. The game encourages students to use technological tools, as well as library resources to move toward solving the mystery. [|Scholastic History Mystery]

2. The site offers survival senerios. Students work in groups and solve problems that may occur in a real life emergency. Plan crash, lost at sea, winter survival, and wilderness survival are just a few of the senerios listed. This style of cooperate problem solving may have some practical identification. []

3. Brain Boosters in a Discovery Education application. There are many open ended challenges and riddles that will inspire and challenge students to find creative and thoughtful products. There is a plethera of material including open ended questions on concepts such as reasoning, logic, lateral thinkng, and categorizing. []

4. Sites like Mathtutor.com provide math related problem solving options. This site is only accessible when a subscription is purchased, but it is an example of a wealth of curriculm based material that is available online. []

5. Home School Math is an example of an online resource that provides quality math problem solving opportunities free of charge. []

6. This math problem solving sites caters to first through fifth grade students. They are challenged with interactive games and puzzles. []